9th Std Social Science Term 1 Solution | Lesson.10 Understanding Development: Perspectives, Measurement and Sustainability

Lesson.10 Understanding Development: Perspectives, Measurement and Sustainability

Lesson.10 Understanding Development: Perspectives, Measurement and Sustainability

I. Choose the correct answer

1. Assertion (A) : Development increases the quality of life.

Reason (R) : People will have higher incomes, better education, better health and nutrition, less poverty.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) does not explain (A)
3. (A) is correct and (R) is false
4. (A) is false and (R) is true

Ans : a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

2. The term ‘Human resources’ refers to

1. Investment on poor people
2. Expenditure on agriculture
3. Investment on assets
4. Collective abilities of people

Ans : d) Collective abilities of people

3. For comparing development between countries, their …………… is considered to be one of the most important attributes.

1. Growth
2. Income
3. Expenditure
4. Savings

Ans : b) Income

4. …………… is considered a true measure of national income.

1. GNP
2. GDP
3. NNP
4. NDP

Ans : d)

5. The …………… income is also called per capita income.

1. Average
2. Total
3. People
4. Monthly

Ans : a) Average

6. Which one of the following country is not a G-8 country?

1. Japan
2. Canada
3. Russia
4. India

Ans : d) India

7. Which one of the following country is not a member of SAARC?

a) India b) Pakistan c) China d) Bhutan

Ans : c) China

8. Assertion (A) : The Net National Product (NNP) is considered as a true measure of national output.

Reason (R) : It is also known as national income.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) does not explain (A)
3. (A) is correct and (R) is false
4. (A) is false and (R) is true

Ans : a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

9. Assertion (A) : Human resource is necessary for the progress of any country.

Reason (R) : Investment in education and health of people can result in a high rate of returns in the future for a country.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) does not explain (A)
3. (A) is correct and (R) is false
4. (A) is false and (R) is true

Ans : a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

10. The Human Development Index (HDI) does not take into account the following dimension in its calculation

a) Gender b) Health c) Education d) Income

Ans : a) Gender

11. Among the following states which state has the literacy rate (2011) higher than national Average?

1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Uttar Pradesh
3. Tamil Nadu
4. None of these

Ans : c) Tamil Nadu

12. Sex-ratio means ……………

1. The ratio between adult-male and adult female in a population
2. The ratio between female and male in a population
3. The relationship between male of female
4. The number of females per thousand males

Ans : d) The number of females per thousand males

13. Inter-generational equality is ensured under the process of ……………

1. Industrial progress
2. Economic development
3. Sustainable development
4. Economic growth

Ans : c) Sustainable development

14. Find the odd one.

1. Solar energy
2. Wind energy
3. Paper
4. Natural gas

Ans : c) Paper

15. …………… is the state with highest installed solar capacity in India.

1. Tamil Nadu
2. West Bengal
3. Kerala
4. Andhra Pradesh

Ans : a) Tamil Nadu

16. …………… resources are those which will get exhausted after years of use.

1. Natural
2. Renewable
3. Non-Renewable
4. New

Ans : c) Non-Renewable

17. Thermal plant emits large quantity of …………… which pollutes the environment.

1. Oxygen
2. Nitrogen
3. Carbon
4. Carbon dioxide

Ans : d) Carbon dioxide

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. Economic progress of any country is known as ………….

Ans : Economic Development

2. The head quarters of HRD Ministry is in ………….

Ans : New Delhi

3. The state having the highest literacy rate in India is ……….

Ans : Kerala

4. Human Development Report of the world prepared and released by ………….

Ans : UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)

5. Groundwater is an example of …………. resource.

Ans : Renewable

6. The book An Uncertain Glory was written by ………….

Ans : Prof. Amartya Sen

III. Match the following

IV. Give short answers:

1. What do you mean by development?

• The world ‘development’ is used widely. It refers to the progress of a particular field of a particular person.
• However, the interpretation of the concept development keeps on changing from time to time, from person to person and its meaning gets extended further.

2. What are the indicators of development?

The major indicators to measure the level of economic development are –

1. Net National Product (NNP)
2. Per Capita Income (PCI)
3. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) and
4. Human Development Index (HDI)

3. Why NNP is not considered as an useful measure to compare a country’s development with other countries?

• The Net National Product (NNP) is considered as a true measure of national income.
• For comparing the development of various countries, total income is not a useful measure. Because, countries have different populations.

4. Why human resources is considered as the foremost resource of any country?

• Human resource development means the development of a person’s physical and mental abilities through education, health care and training.
• In the past, economists believed that the rate of economic growth of nation could be increased only by increasing investment in physical capital. Now, they have realised that investment in human capital is an important investment.

5. Expand the following: i) PPP ii) HDI

PPP:

Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is defined as the number of units of a country’s currency required to buy the same amount of goods and services in the domestic market as one dollar would but in the US.

HDI:

It means Human Development Index. It indicates all round development of the people in the society.

6. Expand the following: i) NNP ii) PCI

NNP : The Net National Product (NNP)

PCI : Per capita income

7. What is ‘Solar Power’?

Solar power is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity either directly using photovoltaic cells or indirectly using concentrated solar power.

V. Answer in detail:

1. Discuss the policies for sustainable development.

Policies for sustainable development:

• To achieve real sustainability, we need to balance economic, social and environmental sustainability in equal harmony.
• In general, the question of development or progress is continuous. At all time, as a member of society and as an individual, we need to ask where we want to go, what we wish to become and what our goals are.

Measures to be taken:

• Addressing poverty and delivering equity.
• Protecting the world’s climate by redirecting energy and transport policies.
• Providing food security through a global reconversion of agriculture.
• Promoting the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and forests.
• Protecting soils and combating desertification.
• Making good the right to water and utilizing water resources sustainably

2. Describe in detail about environmental policies in India.

Environment policies in India have been evolved considerably over the past three decades.

Environment policies:

• The environment polices cover wide range of issued such as air, water pollution, water management and biodiversity.
• The policies helped India to face challenges such as limited resources, minimum externalities and uncertain climate in the economic development.
• The Supreme Court of India has interpreted and introduced new changes in environmental protection through a series of directions and judgements.
• Article 51A (g) of the Constitution states that “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife”.

3. Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable resources.

4. Mention any five environmental Acts and their action.

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